Monday, 3 December 2018

Contribution of Richard Steel and Joseph Addison

Paper:-3(literary theory and criticism)

Topic:- Contribution of Richard Steel and Joseph Addison
           

Name:-Kailas Gohil
Roll No:-17
Class:-sem-1
Email Id:-kailasgohil1998@gmail.com












Topic: Contribution of Richard steel and Joseph Addison

Introduction:-

(1) Richard steel:-
   

                                    Sir Richard Steele (bap. 12 March 1672 – 1 September 1729) was         an Irish writer, playwright, and politician, remembered as co-founder, with his friend Joseph       Addison, of the magazine The Tatler. The British essayist, dramatist, and politician Sir Richard Steele (1672-1729) is best known for his collaboration with Addison on a series of essays for the Tatler and the Spectator.
Richard Steele was born in Dublin, Ireland, in March 1672. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he was baptized on March 12. Steele's father, an attorney, died in 1676, and his mother died the next year. He was placed under the guardianship of his maternal uncle, Henry Gascoigne, who was secretary and confidential agent to the Duke of Ormonde. In 1684 he began attending Charterhouse School, London, where he met Joseph Addison. Both Steele and Addison went to Oxford, Steele entering Christ Church in 1689 and transferring to Merton College in 1691. His Oxford career was undistinguished, and he left in 1692 without taking a degree in order to volunteer for cadet service under the command of the Duke of Ormonde. Steele then served in the Life Guards and later transferred to the Coldstream Guards. In 1695 Lord Cutts, to whom Steele had dedicated a poem on the funeral of Queen Mary, became Steele's patron. Steele first served him as private secretary and then became an officer in Cutts's regiment in 1697. Two years later Steele received a captaincy in a foot regiment.
         
Steele wrote a comedy that same year titled The Funeral. This play met with wide success and was performed at Drury Lane, bringing him to the attention of the King and the Whig party. Next, Steele wrote The Lying Lover, one of the first sentimental comedies, but a failure on stage. In 1705, Steele wrote The Tender Husband with contributions from Addison's, and later that year wrote the prologue to The Mistake, by John Vanbrugh, also an important member of the Whig Kit-Kat Club with Addison and Steele. 
               
(2) A former member of the United States Marine Corps, Steele was a teammate of future world Heavyweight champion Ken Norton in the Marines.[2] He began his career as an amateur boxer while with the Marines, compiling a record of 12 wins and 3 losses before launching a professional career. Steele was All Marines in 1963-64 and participated in the 1964 Olympic Trials, and was inducted into the US Marines Boxing Hall of Fame in 2017. He had 16 wins and 4 defeats as a professional fighter. He was a contestant on To Tell the Truth on April 9, 1991 as the central character.
Steele began referring fights in the 1970s up until 2007, and he went on to referee in 167 world title fights around the world. His first major fight was the 1977 slugfest between unbeaten Mexican champions Carlos Zarateand Alfonso Zamora. Among his other notable fights were Aaron Pryor's knock out Alexis Argüello in their ten rounds in their rematch and Mike Tyson's defeat of Donovan Ruddockin 1991,[3] Marvin Hagler and Thomas Hearns' 1985 middleweight championship bout, Hagler's 1987 loss to Sugar Ray Leonard, and the first of two fights between Julio César Chávez and Meldrick Taylor,[4] which he stopped with 2 seconds remaining of the final round.

  Steele plays a minor role in the novel The History of Henry Esmond by William Makepeace Thackeray. It is during his time with the Life Guards, where he is mostly referred to as Dick the Scholar and makes mention of his friend "Joe Addison". Thackeray depicts Steele in glowing terms as a warm, generous, talented mentor who befriends the title character in his youth and remains loyal to him for years despite their political differences.
(3) Addison:-
Joseph Addison (1 May 1672 – 17 June 1719) was an English essayist, poet, playwright, and politician. He was the eldest son of The Reverend Lancelot Addison. His name is usually remembered alongside that of his long-standing friend, Richard Steele, with whom he founded The Spectatormagazine

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Play:- Stories are of abiding interest in our modern day life and while talking about the birth of modern short story or novel, we cannot miss the immortal character sketches of The Tatler and The Spectatoressays. Notably, these types of tales had continued to appear in the centuries that preceded throughout the world literature. He wrote the libretto for Thomas Clayton's opera Rosamond, which had a disastrous premiere in London in 1707.[5] In 1713 Addison's tragedy Cato was produced, and was received with acclamation by both Whigs and Tories. He followed this effort with a comedic play, The Drummer (1716).

Steel and Addition:-
       During the early part of the 1700's Joseph Addison, the Tatler and Sir Richard Steele, the Spectator, came together to write "The Tatler and the Spectator". Through their hardships of life they came about understanding what others were feeling and the actions that they took. They documented five hundred and fifty-five essays that were depicted from the world around them. They used the feeling of love to show about human nature and what it did to achieve its goals. Through stories, such as "Jilts and their Victims", "Country Festival", "For Whom the Bell Tolls", "Knowledge and Time", and "Reasons" Addison and Steele show what they know about life and the power they had publishing it.
             The two men met at a young age at the Charter House School in England where from their they became the best of friends. Through their hardships they ended up going separate ways. Addison went into politics where he became a popular figure in society.(World Book Addison) Steele went to the military where he later got knighted. In 1710 they were united when Steele asked Addison to join him in writing in the "Spectator".(World Book Steele) Addison gladly excepted and the two men would go out and view the world around them. The two men would write about any occasion, but whenever they wrote they were really in depth of their feelings and thoughts. Their was one topic in particular that fashioned their writings and that was the topic of love. Love was portrayed as being good and bad throughout the writings.
             Love was used repetitively due to it is a constant in every bodies life and they could easily relate to the characters. Allowing others to relate to their writings helped make them popular. Addison and Steele gave love a good and bad side to show the readers that love is not cracked up to what it really can be. It was good in the way that it showed people having a good time together and enjoying the presence of another. It also demonstrated those r.


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